When the skin tissue is worsening by decomposition, X-ray photography is useful. In case if the body has reached the advance stage of decomposition than glycerine or hot water are injected in the finger through fine needle until the finger reaches its original shape and size. In case where decomposition has set in, the fingers are treated with dilute solution of sodium hydroxide, thus the crimpled and dried skin regains its normal shape due to swelling by absorption of solution. The prints of the fingers can then be pasted on a fingerprint slip in a sequence format. In case where the rigor mortis has set in, the prints can be taken by applying ink to the fingers with the help of rubber roller and then fix a square paper on the broad side of the wooden pad and roll it from side to side of the fingers. If in case the fingers are not flexible, little massage will make them, flexible and thus prints can be obtained. Those who have died presently and rigor mortis has not taken place, the process of taking fingerprints is simple since fingers are flexible. The fingerprints of the deceased are taken when the identity is not confirmed under normal investigation like any person killed in an accident, suspicious death or while committing any kind of crime, etc. While taking prints thumbs should be rolled towards body and fingers away from subject’s body.No rolling on the same part until it is re-rolled with ink.Printer’s ink should be used in small amount and in case of excessive ink, it should be removed.Slab and roller must be clean and free from dust.Please take a note that fountain pen ink and stamp pad ink both are not recommended as it dries quickly and runs into furrows. Pattern is made up of ridges lying one above the other in general arching formation. Ridges flow from one side to other without making any curve. Sir Francis Galton has described 3 patterns for classification of fingerprints: Arches, Loops and Whorls.Įdward Henry modified Galton’s system and described 4 basic patterns for classifications which are used normally are as follows: Persistence: Finger print will persist throughout life of any individual and even after death until decomposition sets in.Immutability: The finger prints will never change by any accidental injuries, ailments or any other physical changes of a person.Variety: No two finger prints are identical unless they are made by the same finger of the same person.The fingerprint science is based on three fundamental principles which are as follows: The scientific study of the fingerprints is called as ‘Dactyloscopy’. The elevated part is called as ‘ridges’ and the part between two elevated ridges (depression) is called as ‘furrows’.įingerprint is a reproduction on a smooth surface of the pattern or design formed by the ridges of the first joints of the phalange of the fingers. The palmer surface of the hand has a corrugated skin which helps in the firmer grip and friction.
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